“Hákarl” – Iceland’s Fermented Shark ![]()
If Surströmming is famous for its fermented smell, Hákarl is Iceland’s version—made from Greenland shark cured until it develops a strong ammonia odor.
Why is it fermented?
Greenland sharks have no kidneys, so their meat contains toxic levels of uric acid and cannot be eaten fresh. Icelanders make it safe by burying the meat under sand and stones for months to drain toxins, then air-drying it until edible.
.
Smell and taste
Smell: Very strong, often compared to ammonia or cleaning chemicals.
Taste: Similar to aged cheese, with a chewy texture and lingering aftertaste.
.
How it’s eaten
Hákarl is cut into small cubes and often eaten with Brennivín, a strong Icelandic spirit nicknamed “Black Death.”
.
Cultural meaning
It’s a traditional Viking-era food, commonly eaten during the Þorrablót festival. Today it’s sold ready-to-eat in Icelandic supermarkets.
.
In short
The Greenland shark can live 400–500 years.
Today it’s not commercially hunted—most Hákarl comes from sharks accidentally caught in fishing nets, continuing an old Icelandic survival tradition.